Strategi Pemuliaan Saccharum officinarum untuk Meningkatkan Kandungan Gula Demi Ketahanan Pangan: Analisis Bibliometrik

Abstrak

Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) plays a crucial role in global food and energy security, producing over 70% of the world's sugar and serving as a renewable feedstock for bioethanol. Increasing sucrose content through modern breeding strategies is key to meeting sugar and energy needs sustainably amidst increasing environmental pressures. This study integrates a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) and bibliometric analysis to examine research trends, methods, and results related to high-sugarcane breeding. Data from the Scopus database (2005–2025) analyzed using VOSviewer and Biblioshiny indicate that China, Brazil, and the United States are the main centers of global research productivity and collaboration. A review of ten key articles indicates that genetic approaches targeting SPS, SWEET, and ST genes support marker-based and genomic selection, while phenotypic methods such as Near- Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) and selection index analysis accelerate the identification of superior genotypes. Innovations in genomics and biotechnology, including transcriptome exploration, nutritional stress adaptation, and wild germplasm introgression, are expanding the potential for sugarcane quality improvement. The integration of these approaches forms a comprehensive framework to accelerate the development of high-yielding, sucrose-rich, and stress-tolerant cultivars. Overall, this study provides quantitative and qualitative insights into global research patterns and strategic opportunities to strengthen the contribution of sugarcane breeding to food security and sustainable energy.