KAJIAN ETNOBOTANI PADA TRADISI TUJUH BULANAN SUKU BATAK TOBA DI KAKI BUKIT DOLOK PINAPAN, KECAMATAN PAKKAT, KABUPATEN HUMBANG HASUNDUTAN

Abstrak

This study aims to examine the belief system, local knowledge, plant utilization, and cultural significance (ICS) of the Tujuh Bulanan tradition practiced by the Toba Batak people in Pakkat Hauagong Village, Pakkat District, Humbang Hasundutan Regency. The research methods used were descriptive qualitative and quantitative, using an ethnobotanical approach. Data were collected through participant observation, semi-structured interviews, and documentation, and analyzed using emic and etic approaches. The results indicate that 24 plant species are used in the Tujuh Bulanan tradition. Each plant has its own symbolic meaning, spiritual function, and traditional value. Plants such as Oryza sativa (rice), Piper betle (betel), and Citrus hystrix (kaffir lime) are the plants with the highest ICS values. Knowledge regarding plant utilization is passed down orally from generation to generation. This study confirms that the Seven Months tradition is not only rich in cultural values, but also reflects the community's belief system, local knowledge, and plant utilization practices, which have ecological and spiritual significance that are important to preserve. These findings are expected to serve as a basis for the preservation of traditions and documentation of local ethnobotany.